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Following on
from the previous question, organizations depend on support from a wide range of
other organizations and individuals. Some are merely different terms
for the same thing. These can be placed into five categories as
follows:
-
Shareholders including investors, owners, partners, directors,
people owning shares or stock, banks and anyone having a financial
stake in the business
-
Customers
including clients, purchasers, consumers and end users. (ISO 9000
also includes beneficiary but this term can apply to any
stakeholder. Purchasers also include wholesalers, distributors and
retailers).
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Employees
including temporary and permanent staff and managers. Some texts
regard management as a separate stakeholder group but all managers
are employees unless they happen to be owners who also manage the
organization
-
Suppliers
including manufactures, service providers, consultants and contract
labour
-
Society
including people in the local community, the global community and
the various organizations set up to govern, police and regulate the
population and its interrelationships.
These labels
are not intended to be mutually exclusive. A person might perform the
role of customer, supplier, shareholder, employee and member of
society all at the same time. An example of this is a bar tender. When
serving behind the bar he can be an employee or a supplier if he
contracts with an employment agency, but on his day off he might be a
customer and since acquiring shares in the brewery he became a
shareholder. He also lives in the local community and therefore
benefits from the social impact it has on the community. He is a
contributor, he affects the outcomes and is affected by those
outcomes.
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